In the lush canopy of Chachagua Rainforest surrounding the Chachagua Rainforest Hotel, a flash of rose-red feathers signals the presence of a seasonal visitor: the Summer Tanager. This striking songbird, known for its vibrant plumage and melodic calls, adds a splash of color and a symphony of sound to the verdant landscape during its annual migration.
Identification: A Study in Scarlet and Subtlety
The Summer Tanager is a medium-sized songbird, measuring approximately 17 cm (6.7 inches) in length with a wingspan ranging from 28 to 30 cm (11 to 12 inches). Adult males are unmistakable, adorned in a uniform rose-red hue that sets them apart from other species. Females and immature males, however, display more subdued tones, like olive-yellow upperparts and yellowish underparts, providing effective camouflage among the foliage.
Their stout, pointed bills are well-suited for their diet, which includes a variety of insects and fruits. The Summer Tanager's song is a series of melodic phrases, often compared to that of the American Robin but more monotonous and less varied. Their call notes are distinctive, described as a sharp "pi-tuk" or "pik-i-tuk-i-tuk," which can be heard echoing through the forest canopy.
Range and Migration: A Transcontinental Traveler
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The Summer Tanager breeds across the southern United States, from California to the Carolinas, and as far north as Iowa and New Jersey. Come autumn, they embark on a remarkable journey, migrating to wintering grounds that span Mexico, Central America, and northern South America, including the biodiverse regions of Costa Rica.
In Costa Rica, these birds are typically observed from October through April, favoring lowland forests and forest edges. Their presence in the Chachagua Rainforest adds to the rich tapestry of avian life, offering birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts a chance to witness their vibrant plumage and hear their distinctive songs amidst the tropical greenery.
Diet and Foraging Behavior: Insectivores with a Sweet Tooth
Primarily insectivorous, Summer Tanagers are adept at catching flying insects mid-air, a behavior known as "sallying." They are particularly fond of bees and wasps, often catching them in flight and skillfully removing the stingers before consumption. This unique dietary preference has earned them the nickname "bee bird" in some regions.
In addition to insects, Summer Tanagers consume a variety of fruits, especially during migration and in their wintering habitats. Fruits from native trees and shrubs provide essential nutrients and energy, aiding in their long migratory journeys. Their foraging activities also play a role in seed dispersal, contributing to the health and regeneration of tropical forests like Chachagua.
Nesting and Reproduction: A Hidden Haven
During the breeding season in their northern habitats, Summer Tanagers construct cup-shaped nests on horizontal tree branches, often 4 to 45 feet above the ground. Females are solely responsible for building the nest and incubating the eggs, while males assist by feeding the incubating female and, later, the hatchlings.
Nests are typically composed of grasses, twigs, and other plant materials, carefully woven to create a secure environment for the eggs and chicks. Clutches usually consist of three to five eggs, which hatch after about 11 to 12 days. The fledglings leave the nest approximately 8 to 10 days after hatching, quickly learning to forage and fend for themselves under the watchful eyes of their parents.
Conservation Status: A Species of Least Concern
According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Summer Tanager is classified as a species of Least Concern, with stable population trends across its range. However, like many migratory birds, it faces threats from habitat loss, climate change, and collisions with man-made structures during migration.
Preserving habitats like the Chachagua Rainforest is crucial for the continued survival of the Summer Tanager and countless other species. Conservation efforts focused on protecting breeding and wintering grounds, as well as migratory corridors, are essential to ensure these vibrant songbirds continue to grace our forests with their presence.
Observing the Summer Tanager in Chachagua
For those visiting the Chachagua Rainforest, the best chance to observe Summer Tanagers is during their wintering period, from October to April. Guided birdwatching tours offer opportunities to spot these birds flitting through the canopy, their bright plumage contrasting against the verdant backdrop. Early morning excursions are particularly fruitful, as the birds are most active during the cooler hours of the day.
Bringing a pair of binoculars and a field guide can enhance the birdwatching experience, allowing for better identification and appreciation of the diverse avian life in the region. Photographers will find ample opportunities to capture the Summer Tanager's striking appearance, especially when the birds perch in sunlit areas or engage in foraging activities.
Experience the vibrant beauty of the Summer Tanager and the rich biodiversity of the Chachagua Rainforest.
Plan your visit during the migratory season to witness these scarlet songbirds in their tropical haven. Our knowledgeable guides are ready to lead you on an unforgettable journey through one of Costa Rica's most enchanting ecosystems.
